Biochar is the carbon absorbed by plants through photosynthesis and stored in their biomass and soils. Maintaining stores of biochar is important for minimising carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,improving soil functions, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and protecting ecological environment. Wen-Fu Chen,the director of the rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University submitted a propsal on biochar technology ensuring sustainable agricultural development to National Peple's Congress.
In recent years, along with China's rapid economic and social development, on the one hand, arable land has speeded up soil degradation, and soil desertification, acidification, impoverishment and scarcity are getting worse. On the other hand, agricultural and forestry waste resources are difficult to be recovered to farmland, and the incineration and dumping of the waste resources also lead to serious pollution and greenhouse gas release, which all hinders agricultural low-carbon,recycling and sustainable development.
Wen-Fu Chen says that the biochar has a wide range of sources of raw materials. For example, straw, firewood and the residues from mushroom cultivation are applicable. Charcoal theory, technology and processes, and equipment are maturing. The technology has some applications such as manufacturing carbon basal fertilizer improves soil quality. He suggested that China should vigorously promote biochar technology to address climate change, handle carbon sequestration and emission reduction, improve ecological environment, ease the energy crisis, improve the quality of arable land, ensure food security and achieve sustainable development.
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